¿Qué es ROIC?
ROIC measures how efficiently a empresa uses inversor money (deuda and capital) to generar ganancias. It shows the percentage return on all capital invertired in the business.
Piénsalo así
You and a friend invertir $10,000 in a food truck. If it generars $2,000 ganancia yearly, your ROIC is 20%. Compare this to a 2% savings account - the food truck is 10x better at generating returns!
Fórmula
ROIC = NOPAT / Invested Capital- NOPAT: Net Operating Ganancia Después Tax
- Invested Capital: Total deuda + capital - excess efectivo
Por qué importa
- Muestra management's capital allocation skills
- ROIC > WACC means value creation
- Consistente high ROIC indicates competitive advantage
- Mejor than ROE because includes deuda
- Warren Buffett's favorite rentabilidad metric
¿Cuál es un buen valor?
< 5%
Pobre
Destroying value
5-10%
Below Promedio
Not creating much value
10-15%
Promedio
Meeting expectations
15-20%
Bueno
Creating solid value
> 20%
Excelente
Fuerte competitive moat
Ejemplo del mundo real
Apple ROIC: 30% - exceptional capital eficiencia. Utilities: 5-7% - capital intensive, regulated. Amazon: 15% - good for retail. Software companies: 20-40% - asset-light models.
Cosas a tener en cuenta
- Capital calculations vary between sources
- Can be manipulated with financial engineering
- Compare within industries for best results
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