EV/EBITDA

What is EV/EBITDA?

Enterprise Value divided by EBITDA, measuring how many years of operating earnings it would take to pay for an acquisition.

Think of it like this

Like buying a business for 10x its annual cash flow - it would take 10 years to 'earn back' your investment.

Formula

EV/EBITDA = Enterprise Value รท EBITDA
  • Enterprise Value: Market Cap + Debt - Cash
  • EBITDA: Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, Amortization

Why it matters

  • Accounts for debt - more accurate than P/E
  • Good for comparing companies across industries
  • Popular in M&A (mergers and acquisitions)
  • Shows true acquisition cost
  • Useful for capital-intensive businesses

What's a good value?

< 8
Undervalued
Potentially cheap acquisition
8-12
Fair Value
Reasonable valuation
12-15
Premium
Paying extra for quality or growth
> 15
Expensive
Very high expectations or overvalued

Real-world example

A company with $100M EV and $10M EBITDA has EV/EBITDA of 10x - acquirer would 'earn back' their investment in 10 years of operating profit.

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