EV to Free Cash Flow

What is EV/FCF?

Enterprise value divided by free cash flow, showing how expensive a company is relative to the cash it generates.

Think of it like this

Like paying 15 years of rental income upfront to buy a rental property - lower is generally better value.

Formula

EV/FCF = Enterprise Value รท Free Cash Flow
  • Enterprise Value: Market cap + debt - cash
  • Free Cash Flow: Operating cash flow minus capex

Why it matters

  • More accurate than P/E for cash generation
  • Accounts for debt levels
  • FCF is harder to manipulate than earnings
  • Useful for mature cash-generating businesses

What's a good value?

< 10
Cheap
Strong cash generation value
10-20
Fair
Reasonable valuation
20-35
Expensive
Paying premium
> 35
Very Expensive
High growth expectations built in

Real-world example

A company with $10B EV and $1B FCF has EV/FCF of 10 - you're paying 10 years of cash flow.

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